There is everything correct with your feature file.
The only explanations, that I have, is, that either one or more of the three characters are missing in the font, or, that the compiler reports an error because of anything else, that is contained in the feature file. But if your feature file only consists of the code, that you have posted here, it should work.
I've also tried generating a TTF font, which does not give an error message, but the substitution still doesn't work.
How should that unregistered feature be activated? There you can find all registered features, which still does not mean, that the applications know all of them: "
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/featurelist.htm".
Also have a look on this, although it probably is not up to date: "
http://www.typotheque.com/fonts/opentype_feature_support".